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Edema

What is Edema ?
Edema is swelling of both legs from an accumulation of excess fluid.

Causes of Edema
Edema has many possible causes
  • Prolonged standing or sitting, especially in hot weather
  • Venous insufficiency is a common problem caused by weakened valves in the veins of the legs
  • Severe chronic lung diseases, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, increase the pressure in the blood vessels that lead from the heart to the lungs
  • Edema in the legs can occur during pregnancy
  • Low protein levels in the blood that can be seen in malnutrition, kidney and liver disease can cause edema.
  • Congestive heart failure, a condition in which the heart can no longer pump efficiently, causes fluid buildup in the lungs and other parts of the body. The swelling is often most visible in the feet and ankles.


Symptoms of Edema
Symptoms vary according to the type of edema and its location. In general, skin covering the swollen area will be stretched and shiny.

Diagnosis of Edema
To check for edema that is not obvious, you can gently press your thumb over the foot, ankle or leg with slow, steady pressure. If edema is present, an indentation will show on the skin. You should see a doctor to determine the cause of leg swelling.

A urine test will show if you are losing protein from the kidneys. Blood tests, a chest X-ray and an electrocardiogram (EKG) also may be ordered.


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