Brain Cancer

Introduction
The brain is the most sensitive part of the body which is well protected in the cerebrum (the skull). It is composed of many small cells which can not be seen with the naked eye. Cells work together to form the whole nervous system. The brain cells grow till the age of 7and 8 and afterwards they stop multiplying and never proliferate again. This means that if the cells of the brain are destroyed, they will never repair again. There is no regrowth of brain cells. The repair of the damaged brain solely depends on the glial cells. The production and working of the brain cells is restricted. If one of the brain cells start working in an abnormal way it can result in brain cancer because it starts duplicating in an uncontrollable manner. This type of brain cancer which starts from the brain is called the primary brain cancer. The other type of brain cancer is called secondary brain cancer in which the cancer first develops in any other part of the body but it soon replicates and spreads to the brain causing brain cancer. In U.S. 15000 cases are informed each year.

Alternative Names
The alternative name for brain cancer is brain tumor.

Causes
The brain cancer or brain tumor is caused because some mass of tissue is formed which is not needed; this mass is named as tumor. Brain cancer is malignant. The basic cause of formation of the tumor in the brain is not known as yet. May be it is because of the inherited characters from the parents. Exposure to certain things is suspected to cause brain cancer such as chlorinated hydrocarbons (PVC). Benzene is also a suspected factor in causing brain cancer. Certain emission of radiations is suspected to cause brain cancer. The exact causes of the brain cancer are not known but these are some of the factors which are found to have an impact on the brain and its activities. However researchers do not believe that head injuries can cause brain tumor, it may cause clotting in brain but not cancer.

Risk Factors
There are two age groups which are more at risk. First group is 4 to 13 years and the other age group which is more susceptible is 40 to 75.

Symptoms & Signs
The sings and symptoms include the following:

Feeling headaches with out any significant reason.
Vision may be affected.
Memory can be weakened because of suppression of cells.
Walking can become difficult.
A person may find difficulty in talking.
It becomes hard to carry on daily routine work.
Thinking powers and decision making is affected.
Heart beat can also be affected.
Pain in head is very sudden and sharp.

Diagnosis
A neurological examination is a must to diagnose brain cancer. However the doctor may also check the hearing and vision and speaking ability of the patient. Biopsy of the affected brain tissues can tell more about the condition of the disease and its progress. A correct diagnosis is necessary for treatment. A CT scan test can show the presence of the brain tumor. MRI (magnetic resonance) can help in diagnosis.

Prevention
No such prevention can be taken as the causes are not revealed. But as the environmental factors are believed to have some effects on the brain, prolong working in chemicals and other pollutes should be avoided. No perfect precautions can be taken as there are no reasons of brain cancer discovered.

Treatment
The treatment is the surgery which is not a safe thing to be done. This is a major surgery.

Dietary Guidelines
No such nutrients are observed to improve the patient’s health. But in any case well balanced food and nutrition is good for health and it may help to prevent from further problems. Eat low fats diet so as to prevent from any heart disease because the heart has already been striving. Cholesterol level, if not controlled can create fatal problems.

Home Care Suggestions
The patient should be cared well. Driving and other responsibilities should not be left to the patient as the pain can start at any time.

Mind/Body Considerations
Relaxation is best for the patient. The patient may need to be hospitalized in order to be in observation most of the time.


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